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2024, № 2 (62) |
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SOIL SCIENCE
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Al-Darraji M.M., Tskhovrebov V.S. |
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Comparative characteristics of the main groups of microorganisms of modern and buried soils of the mound «Novozavedennoe 3» |
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Studies have been carried out on the territory of the Georgievsky district of the Stavropol Territory near the village of Novozavedennoye of modern and buried soils of the Scythian period. The age of the mound is 2500 years old, the height is about 2 m, the GPS coordinate of the mound is N 44°15'16.86"; E 43°36'11.32". The buried soils are classified as chestnut carbonate low-power loess-like loam, and modern ones as dark chestnut medium-thick medium loam. Grain is cultivated on arable land-a steam-row crop rotation with a predominance of winter wheat. On virgin land, the natural herbage is represented by grass-grass associations. It was found that microorganisms retained their population over 2500 years of burial, although their number was 10-100 times less than in modern soils. There was an increase in the number of the main groups of microorganisms by 1.5-2.5 times in arable land compared with virgin land, with the exception of the group of aerobic nitrogen fixers. It was revealed that non-spore-forming nitrifiers, ammonifiers, nitrogen fixators maintain their population at the level of spore-forming microorganisms. It can be assumed that during the period of burial of these soils, the microbial pool was not lower, and perhaps higher, than in modern soils. It was found that microorganisms of paleosoils delayed their germination and development 5-7 days later than in modern soils, which may be due to a state of prolonged suspended animation, but after germination showed a higher rate of development.
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