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2022, № 2 (50) |
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ECOLOGY
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Maksimovich K. Yu. |
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Impact factors on the population and spatial distribution of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in agrocenoses with different levels of intensification |
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This paper describes the results of data analysis on species composition and population of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in agrocenoses of spring wheat and corn at different levels of intensification in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia in the period of 2019-2021. The research was aimed at identifying correlating factors with the abundance of ground beetle communities and assessing their significance. The data analysis methods were specified with regard to the peculiarities of the structure and nature of the initial data distribution. Analysis of the population dynamics was performed for 20 species common and abundant for all agrocenoses (represented by dominants and subdominants). A position of the crop in the crop rotation was a significant factor for the agrocenoses of spring wheat and corn, given that the distance from the steam increases the total biomass of vegetation due to weeds, as well as the number of pests, which probably forms more favorable conditions for the activity of ground beetles. Another correlation was also established between the index of dynamic density of ground beetles in wheat crops and the sum of active temperatures (t>5 ºC), revealing the significant role of heat supply for poikilothermic organisms. The correlation between the index of dynamic density of ground beetles and the vegetation index NDVI values in corn pointed to the features of microclimate formation, given the biology of corn and the ability to build up a large volume of biomass already by mid-summer. No significant correlation between the technology of cultivation (level of intensification) and the dynamic density of ground beetles in agrocenoses was found. Therefore, the level of intensification (the use of crop protection agents and fertilizers regulated by the cultivation technology) does not have a significant effect on the number of ground beetles in the crops.
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