Devyatova T.A., Gorbunova N.S., Gorbunova Y.S., Ghafar H.G.

Distribution of heavy metals and benzo(a)pyrene in oil-contaminated soils of the city of Qayyar (Iraq)

The spatial distribution of oil products and benzo(a)pyrene in gray soils as a result of an accidental oil spill in the area of the Kayyara field (Iraq), as well as the gross content and mobile compounds of heavy metals - Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni were studied. An increase in the content of oil products and benzo(a)pyrene in the upper soil layer in the zone of influence of the oil spill was revealed. With the accompanying combustion of petroleum gas, the elements under study are deposited on the soil surface. The content of Ni significantly exceeds the background concentrations. Exceeding the standards is also typical for mobile Cd compounds. As a result of the technogenic load, as well as the physicochemical characteristics of the studied soils, the studied HMs are in an easily accessible state. The highest percentage of mobility is characteristic of Cd. The high mobility of elements makes them active in terms of migration to adjacent landscapes. An important feature of the region is the presence of dust storms. Soil material contaminated with oil products and heavy metals can be transported over considerable distances, even in a short period of time. Heavy metals, benzo(a)pyrene and petroleum products can easily move not only into adjacent environments, but also into the human body.

Keywords: SEROZEMS, HEAVY METALS, LEAD, CADMIUM, NICKEL, ZINC, COPPER, MANGANESE, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, BENZO(A)PYRENE