Nemykin A.A., Zakharova E.B., Tuaeva E.V.

Assessment of precursors and terms of tillage for soybeans by plant productivity in the Amur region

Soybean cultivation is the basis of agriculture in the Amur region. The area of soybean sowing is more than 74%, which leads to repeated sowing of soy-beans and does not allow to fully realize the potential of cultivated varieties. The choice of predecessors and terms of tillage will increase the efficiency of soybean production in the region. The article presents the results of field ex-periments in the production conditions of agricultural enterprises of the Amur region. Plowing of perennial grasses in the first decade of July provides the highest yield of soybeans sown after perennial grasses. 24% more than plow-ing in the first decade of August. The tillage after perennial grasses to a depth of 12-14 cm with the BDM-8 discator and to a depth of 14-16 cm with the Morris cultivator can increase soybean yields by 39 and 22%, respectively. The choice of wheat as a precursor will improve productivity indicators and achieve yields greater than when cultivated in repeated crops by 25% and by 15% for the steam predecessor. Non-moldboard loosening of the soil after wheat to a depth of 14-16 cm at the end of April contributes to an increase in the productivity of soybean plants by 17.3% more than non-moldboard loos-ening at the end of May.

Keywords: SOYBEAN, PREDECESSOR, PERENNIAL GRASSES, TILLAGE, PLANT PRODUCTIVITY, YIELD